• Definition:
    A laser (Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation) is a device that produces a highly concentrated and coherent beam of light through a process of optical amplification.

  • How it Works:
    Lasers work by exciting atoms or molecules within a gain medium (material that amplifies light). This energy causes the release of photons, which are amplified and emitted as a laser beam.

  • Key Components of a Laser:

    1. Gain Medium: The material (solid, liquid, or gas) that amplifies light.
    2. Energy Source: Provides the power to excite the atoms (e.g., electrical current, flash lamps).
    3. Optical Cavity: Contains reflective mirrors that reflect and amplify the light.
  • Unique Properties of Laser Light:

    • Monochromatic: Only emits light at a single wavelength.
    • Coherent: All light waves are synchronized and travel in phase.
    • Collimated: The laser beam maintains a narrow, focused path over long distances.